Heating apparatus



July 24, 1962 B. KOHLI ETAL 3,045,662

HEATING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 29; 1960 INVENTORS Jay/mm KOHL/ 18 1.5a RICHARD BY a ATTORNEY *nite States 3,045,662 HEATING AFPARATUS Benjamin Kohli, Lavey-Village, Vaud, and Lon Richard,

Bex, Vaud, Switzerland Filed Jan. 29, 1960, Ser. No. 5,455 Claims priority, application Switzerland Feb. 2, 1959 2 Claims. (Cl. 126--94) The present invention relates to a heating apparatus using a fuel oil burner, comprising a tank connected to a fuel oil feed conduit, said tank having at least one partition provided with a central opening for the passage of a hollow burner assembly. The periphery of the burner assembly is provided with apertures, arranged in annular superposed rows for the passage of the combustion air to contact the surface of the fuel oil in the tank.

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The burner assembly is fixed to the lower end of a I vertical down-draft flue for the supply of combustion air, located above the said tank, the entire arrangement disposed in such a way that the combustion air, distributed into the burner through said flue is previously heated by the heat liberated inside the burner jacket or housing before being mixed with the combustive gases.

The accompanying drawings show, diagrammatically and by way of example an embodiment of the fuel oil in FIGURES 1 to 3.

FIGURE 5 is a top plan view in cross section, along line VV of FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional transverse view, along line VI-VI of FIGURE 4, of an inclined chute for de livering an ignited pellet of solidified petrol into the tank.

The embodiment of the fuel oil burner shown in FIGURES 1 to 3 comprises a tank 11, of cylindrical shape, constituting a burner pot, the vertical wall of which is provided, at its lower part, with an opening for the passage of a fuel oil feed conduit 2, connected to a reservoir, not shown in the drawing.

The tank 1, whose upper edge 3 is widened or flared outwardly, is provided internally with a sloping partition 4, secured, for example by rivets, to the vertical side wall of the tank, the lower part of the said partition being located above the opening designed for the passage of the conduit 2.

The sloping partition 4 has a central Opening 5 for receiving the conical lower end 6 of a cylindrical housing 7, both constituting a burner head, the'axis of which is situated in the center of the tank 1. The conical end 6 and the housing 7 are formed with apertures -8, arranged in successive superposed annular rows, for the passage of the combustion air supplied by a vertical down-draft flue 9 disposed co-axially with the axis of the burner.

Between the lower end of the vertical flue 9 and the cylindrical housing 7 is provided at substantially the level of the outwardly flared edge 3 of the tank 1, an expansion chamber for the combustion air (FIG. 3). This chamber is formed by a casing made of two superposed cone frustums, with their large base portions being opposite 11 has its small base fixed to the upper end of the cylindrical housing 7.

The large bases of the two cone frustumsll) and 11 are interconnected by spot welds 12 spaced substantially equidistant from each other on the periphery of the said bases. The slits 13 between the welds 12 are designed to direct the flames radially so that they are projected against the inner side of the wall or wallsof the heating apparatus enclosing the burner.

The vertical down-draft flue 9 for the supply of combustion air to the burner is supported axially of the tank 1 by a clamping collar 14.

Instead of being conical, the lower end of the burner head could be of semispherical shape, or of any other shape suitable for the purpose.

The expansion chamber for the combustion air could be eliminated and a baflie-plate fixed to the periphery of the conduit 9 between each of the rows of apertures 8, the plates being intended to complete the gaseous mixture.

The part of the .conduit '9, located above the expansion chamber, could be provided with rows of apertures, such as the apertures 8. In such a case, the flue 9 could be provided with an inner regulating sleeve, having rows of apertures, the spacing of which would correspond to that of the apertures in the said conduit, the said sleeve being able to slide along the inner wall of the flue, so as to act as a valve which would close the apertures of the conduit or make them coincide with those of the said sleeve when a considerable amount of fuel oil is fed into the tank through the feed conduit 2. I

In some cases, the supporting arm for the clamping collar 14 could be eliminated to' avoid any contact between the conduit 9 and the tank 1.

The burner head fixed to the lower end of the downdraft flue '9 could comprise only one cylindrical pipe, provided with superposed annular rows of apertures for the mixture of the combustion air with the fuel oil contained in the tank.

The fuel oil burner which has just been described is designed to be used, for example, in a central heating drum 15, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

The drum comprises a body constituted, for example, by a sheet metal cylinder. Instead of the door for the ashes and the draft control, the drum 15 is provided at its lower end with an access opening covered by a door-plate 16, carrying a flange 17 for supporting the tank 1 of the burner. The plate 16, moreover, supports the fuel oil feed conduit 2 of the burner and an inclined trough 18,

of open U-shaped cross section (FIG. 6), for loading an ignited pellet of commercially available solidified petrol. The upper end 19 of the inclined 18 is located at a distance of two to threemillimeters from the flared edge 3 of the tank 1, so as to insure the cooling of the said end 19 after the pellet has been dropped in the tank.

The burner described is held in the center of the drum 15, at its lower end by the supporting flange 17, secured at its inner end to the tank 1 while its other end is secured to the plate 16, and its upper end is held by the clamping collar 14, connecting the flue 9 to the wall of the drum 15. The upper end of the said flue 9 forms an elbow 20 to connect with the horizontal air intake arm of the flue and which arm is fixed to the upper part of the vertical wall of the drum 15 and extends through the admission orifice 21.

The drum 15 is supported by pedestals 22 and the upper part of its housing is provided with a circular opening for the passage of a conduit 23 for the discharge of the combustion gases to the outer atmosphere.

The operation of the fuel oil burner is as follows: the combustion air enters the admission orifice 2.1 in the direction of the arrow f (FIG. 1) into the down-draft flue 9 located inside the drum 15, from which it passes through the slits 13 of the expansion chamber; the apertures 8 of the cylindrical housing 7; and lower conical end 6 of the burner head in order to contact the fuel oil, admitted into the tank 1 by the conduit 2 and form the gaseous mixture.

The layer of fuel oil is lighted by pushing, for example by means of a rod, an ignited pellet of solidified petrol along the incline 18, until the said pellet falls through its own Weight into the tank 1 of the burner, so that, inside the drum 15, there are formed vapors of fuel oil which mix with the combustion air distributed by the flue 9, in the direction of the arrow 1" (FIGS. 1 and 4), the combustion gases being discharged to the outer atmosphere through the exhaust flue or conduit 23, in the direction of the arrow (FIG. 4), said exhaust flue being of larger diameter than the intake flue.

Since the combustion air flows through the vertical flue 9 in a descending trajectory in order to reach the burner 1, the said air is'previously heated before mixing with the combustion gases.

It will, of course, be understood, that the tank 1 of the burner, the drum 15 of the furnace, as well as the burner head and the conduit 9 could be of oval, quadrangular or polygonal cross section.

On the other hand, the down-draft flue 9 could penetrate into the drum 15 through the upper end or lid thereof, as shown in dot-and-dash lines in FIG. 4, or through a pipe placed on the opposite side to that shown in FIG. 4, for example, under the discharge conduit 23 for the combustion gases; or, pass through the door or closure plate '16 for supporting the burner and, by means of an elbow be secured to the small base of the upper cone frustum 10 of the expansion chamber for the combustion air.

The burner may be placed inside heating apparatus other than the central heating furnace described, for example, a stove or an oven for industrial use.

We claim:

1. Heating apparatus comprising in combination a drum, a burner pot within said drum, a fuel inlet conduit connected to the lower portion of said burner pot, a baflle having a central opening secured inside said burner pot above the fuel inlet orifice, a cylindrical housing passing through the central opening of the baffle, a conical cap fixed to the lower endof the cylindrical housing, said housing and said cap provided with a plurality of holes disposed in superposed annular formation, a vented two'piece expansion chamber the lower end of which is secured to the upper end of the cylindrical housing at the level of the upper edge of said burner pot, said expansion chamber comprising a casing formed of two cone frusturns the large bases of which are disposed opposite each other and interconnected by spaced welded joints, the spaces between said joints forming a plurality of slits, said slits directing the flames radially outwardly towards the wall of said drum, a vertically disposed fresh air supply flue secured to the upper end of said expansion chamber, said drum provided with an opening in its side wall, a door plate covering said opening, said door plate having an opening therein, an inclined trough passing through the opening in said door plate and having its lower end secured thereto, said trough receiving an ignited pellet of solidified petrol, the upper end of said trough located at the level of the upper edge of the burner pot.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said door plate is provided with a flange on its inner face for sup- I porting said burner pot.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,601,242 Ennis Sept. 28, 1926 1,691,311 Stroud Nov. 13, 1928 1,702,929 Breese Feb. 19, 1929 1,987,487 Moore Jan. 8, 1935 2,065,265 Bock Dec. 22, 1936 2,215,763 Morton Sept. 24, 1940 2,218,154 Ramsey Oct. 15, 1940 2,395,765 Schneider Feb. 26, 1946 2,448,148 Miller et al Aug. 31, 1948 2,499,308 Griewank Feb. 28, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,103,376 France May 18, 1955 

